Definition:
The flash point is the lowest temperature, at which a liquid delivers an inflammable gas or steam under prescribed test conditions in appropriate quantity that a flame develops immediately at a contact of the vapor phase with an ignition source.
Testing Method:
For the determination of the flash point a whole set of standard methods are applicable. The table gives an overview of the most common methods. Substantial distinguishing features are open or closed crucible, application of a stirrer and the different temperature ranges.
|
Method Name |
Norm |
Application range |
Temperature range |
|
Abel-Pensky |
DIN 51 755 |
Mineral oils and other combustible liquids |
-30 °C till 5 °C 5 °C till 65 °C |
|
DIN 53 213-1 |
Coating materials, lacquers, adhesives, viscous liquids |
5 °C till 65 °C |
|
|
Pensky-Martens |
DIN EN 22 719 |
Mineral oils and other combustible liquids |
10 °C till 370 °C |
|
Cleveland |
DIN ISO 2592 |
Mineral oils and other combustible liquids |
> 79 °C |
|
Schnellverfahren |
DIN EN 456 |
Combustible liquids |
0 °C till 110 °C |
Safety-relevant meaning:
The flash point is a central characteristic for the evaluation of the fire and danger of explosion of liquids. Furthermore it is needed for the new material registration. It is a substantial size for the danger-good-legal classification of combustible liquids. According to the explosion prevention rules (EX-RL) as well as DIN VDE 0165 and 0166 the flash point permits the evaluation of the danger of explosion (lower point of explosion).
|
Classification of liquid substances and preparing after guideline 67/ 548/ EWG |
||
|
Flash Point |
Additional Condition |
Classification |
|
FP < 0 °C |
boiling point not exceeding 35 °C |
high inflammable |
|
FP < 21 °C |
|
easily inflammable |
|
21 °C < FP ≤ 55 °C |
independent, persisting burn-up or heating over the Flash Point |
inflammable |
|
Einstufung brennbarer Flüssigkeiten nach § 3 Verordnung über brennbare Flüssigkeiten -VbF- |
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|
Flash Point |
Additional Condition |
Classification |
|
FP < 21 °C |
At 15 °C not in each relation with water mixable |
A I |
|
21 °C < FP ≤ 55 °C |
A II |
|
|
55 °C < FP ≤ 100 °C |
A III |
|
|
FP < 21 °C |
At 15 °C not in each relation with water mixable |
B |