Definition:
The flash point is the lowest temperature, at which a liquid delivers an inflammable gas or steam under prescribed test conditions in appropriate quantity that a flame develops immediately at a contact of the vapor phase with an ignition source.
Testing Method:
For the determination of the flash point a whole set of standard methods are applicable. The table gives an overview of the most common methods. Substantial distinguishing features are open or closed crucible, application of a stirrer and the different temperature ranges.
Method Name |
Norm |
Application range |
Temperature range |
Abel-Pensky |
DIN 51 755 |
Mineral oils and other combustible liquids |
-30 °C till 5 °C 5 °C till 65 °C |
DIN 53 213-1 |
Coating materials, lacquers, adhesives, viscous liquids |
5 °C till 65 °C |
|
Pensky-Martens |
DIN EN 22 719 |
Mineral oils and other combustible liquids |
10 °C till 370 °C |
Cleveland |
DIN ISO 2592 |
Mineral oils and other combustible liquids |
> 79 °C |
Schnellverfahren |
DIN EN 456 |
Combustible liquids |
0 °C till 110 °C |
Safety-relevant meaning:
The flash point is a central characteristic for the evaluation of the fire and danger of explosion of liquids. Furthermore it is needed for the new material registration. It is a substantial size for the danger-good-legal classification of combustible liquids. According to the explosion prevention rules (EX-RL) as well as DIN VDE 0165 and 0166 the flash point permits the evaluation of the danger of explosion (lower point of explosion).
Classification of liquid substances and preparing after guideline 67/ 548/ EWG |
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Flash Point |
Additional Condition |
Classification |
FP < 0 °C |
boiling point not exceeding 35 °C |
high inflammable |
FP < 21 °C |
|
easily inflammable |
21 °C < FP ≤ 55 °C |
independent, persisting burn-up or heating over the Flash Point |
inflammable |
Einstufung brennbarer Flüssigkeiten nach § 3 Verordnung über brennbare Flüssigkeiten -VbF- |
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Flash Point |
Additional Condition |
Classification |
FP < 21 °C |
At 15 °C not in each relation with water mixable |
A I |
21 °C < FP ≤ 55 °C |
A II |
|
55 °C < FP ≤ 100 °C |
A III |
|
FP < 21 °C |
At 15 °C not in each relation with water mixable |
B |